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<h2>Project 1 Setup: VM-For-Everything Instructions</h2>
<p>
You can use the course VM to do all parts of this assignment.
Using the VM for everything has the advantage that you have root access on it.
If something goes wrong in you shell (in particular, a fork bomb), you can
reboot the machine, and don't have to wait for support to unwedge your account.
Also, installing your hacked kernel is a bit simpler, because you build on the 
machine where you install it.  Finally, all your work will be on a 32-bit system,
which eliminates the opportunity to produce code that works on a 64-bit system
but not on a 32-bit one.
<p>
<h4>Getting the Virtual Machine</h4>
<blockquote>
It's <tt>/cse/courses/cse451/11sp/FC13-CSE451-2011-04-09.tar.gz</tt>, from most any
CSE machine: 4.2GB to fetch; 12GB expanded.
<p>
Depending on your connection speed, it might be easiest to fetch it while at CSE, either to
your portable machine or to your portable flash drive.
</blockquote>

<h4>Security</h4>
<blockquote>
In the next section we give you usernames and passwords.  Anyone in the world can read this page.
It's a good idea not to let your VM be accessible from anywhere in the world.
<p>
The VM is configured to allow <a href='project1HostOnly.shtml'>host-only networking</a>,
meaning it can communicate only with the
host machine it's running on.  I recommend you not change that, for security reasons.
You can <tt>ssh, scp, etc.</tt> to/from the VM from the machine it's running on, and to/from there
to anywhere else you might need.
By not exposing the VM to the Internet, you can also reasonably not bother to apply the
(many) security patches that have been released since the VM was created.
</blockquote>

<h4>What's on the virtual machine?</h4>
<ul>
<li><b>User Accounts</b>
<ul>
<li><tt>451user / 451userpassword</tt>
<br>The account most of your work takes place under.  You can gain privilege (become root) 
to execute a single command by <tt>sudo <i>cmd</i></tt>.  You can become root until you ctrl-d
by <tt>sudo -s</tt>.
<li><tt>root / rootpassword</tt>
<br>Enough said.
<li><tt>forkuser / forkuserpassword</tt>
<br>A spare user account, for emergency use.
This account can <tt>sudo</tt>, so can do root-y things.
</ul>
<p>
<li><b>Files</b>
<ul>
<li><tt>~451user/project1</tt>
<br>Where your work should go.
<li><tt>~451user/project1/kernel/linux-2.6.38.2</tt>
<br>Contains the kernel source, ready for re-building.
<li><tt>/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.38.2-CSE451</tt>
<br>Your installed kernel.  <u>The VM boots this kernel by default.</u>
The one the VM comes with is basically an unadulterated build of the 2.6.38.2 kernel source.
Once you modify and install the kernel, it's possible you won't be able to boot this kernel.
If that happens, choose one of the others offered during boot.  The machine should come up, and 
your files will be accessible.
</ul>
</ul>

<h4>Compiling, Installing, and Running Your Kernel</h4>
<ol>
  <li>Navigate to <tt>~451user/project1/kernel/linux-2.6.38.2</tt>
  <li>Say <tt>make -j 2 bzImage</tt> to compile.
  <li>If everything goes well and you want to try installing, say <tt>sudo make install</tt>
  <li>If that goes well, reboot to run your kernel: <tt>sudo reboot</tt>.
</ol>

<h4>Notes about Kernel Development</h4>
<ul>
  <li>Code carefully. Your changes are difficult to debug because you have to reboot to test them.</li>
  <li>Debugging kernel code is difficult. You can use <tt>printk()</tt> calls in your code.
    This is the kernel equivalent of <tt>printf()</tt>.</li>
  <li>To read the results of <tt>printk</tt>, you need to look at the system log.
    You can do this with the <code>dmesg</code> command.</li>
  <li><code>dmesg</code> prints a lot of output. You can make this more manageable by printing only the last 10 lines or so: <code>dmesg | tail -n 10</code></li>
</ul>

<h4>References</h4>
<ol>
	<li>The 451 VM is derived from <a id="ref1" href="http://www.cs.washington.edu/lab/labVMs/linuxVM.shtml">the CSE Home Linux VM</a></li>
</ol>

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